Pune was initially built as an agricultural settlement, by the name of Punnaka. The city dates back to the 8th century and was under the rule of the Rashtrakutas. After Rashtrakutas, the city came under the reign of the Mughals and the Marathas, which came to end somewhere around the year 1818. The mid-seventeenth saw Pune adopting the role of the temporary residence of King Shivaji. In 1749, the city was given the status of the capital of the Maratha kingdom, under the Peshwa rule. As per the origin & history of Pune, this time proved to be the golden era for the city as it experienced large-scale development during this period. A number of temples were also constructed under the Peshwa rule, contributing to the architectural beauty of Pune. Standing as a testimony to this time is the Shivneri Fort, where Shivaji was born and spent a major portion of his childhood. After the country attained independence, efforts were made to develop Pune as an educational and research center. The establishment of numerous software companies in the city has added to its attraction.